Synaptophysin
Specificity: A 38kDa integral membrane glycoprotein of presynaptic vesicles, found in almost all neurons and neuroendocrine cells and adrenal cortical cells.
Staining characteristics: Granular cytoplasmic staining. Nonspecific staining is rare, but false negatives more common (dependent on local protocols).
Function:
Normal cell distribution: Neurons, neuroendocrine cells, adrenal cortical cells.
+: Practically all neural & neuroendocrine tumours, including:
- Neuroblastoma
- Ganglioneuroblastoma
- Ganglioneuroma
- Ganglioglioma
- Central neurocytoma
- Phaeochromocytoma
- Paraganglioma
- Oligodendroglioma
- Pancreatic islet cell tumours
- Carcinoid
- Neuroendocrine carcinoma
- Medullary thyroid carcinoma
- Pituitary adenoma
- Parathyroid adenoma
- Adrenal cortical tumours
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