Bronchogenic Cyst
General: More common in the hilar or middle-mediastinal regions, but may be found in a midline location from the subcutaneous suprasternal region to below the diaphragm. Only rarely connect to the tracheobronchial tree or pulmonary parenchyma; if intrapulmonary but otherwise similar, consider congenital pulmonary airway malformation Type 1. Usually an incidental finding, but may present following secondary infection or cause partial respiratory obstruction in infants. May be located between an extralobar pulmonary sequestration and midline.
Gross: Smooth to irregular spheroid cyst measuring 1~4cm in children or 8~10cm in adults, usually attached to but not communicating with the tracheobronchial tree. Contains clear serous fluid unless infected.
Microscopic: Discrete extrapulmonary cyst filled with fluid and lined by respiratory (ciliated cuboidal to pseudostratified columnar) epithelium overlying fibromuscular connective tissue containing seromucinous glands and cartilage plates. If skeletal muscle or squamous epithelium present, consider esophageal cyst.
Stains:
- Positive:
- Negative:
- Suggested, focused panel:
((())) Stocker's Pediatric Pathology, 2001.
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